Thesis Gender Role - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 505 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/09/25 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Gender Essay Gender Roles Essay Role of Women Essay Did you like this example? THESIS PARAGRAPH. HOW TO APPROACH YOUR FIRST PARAGRAPH.. A thesis is another name for your argument. It answers the question â€Å"What does the student argue about the topic? † and â€Å"Why is this significant? † A thesis is not the same as a topic. For example: Topic: gender roles Thesis: â€Å"Pippi Longstocking is a heroine who challenges traditional gender roles. Unlike ‘good little girls’ like Annika, Pippi is physically strong, brave, and challenges authority. Now I have something that doesn’t just state WHAT the essay will be about, but gives an argument about the topic. But it could be better. I should go a little further: â€Å"Pippi Longstocking is a heroine who challenges traditional gender roles. Unlike ‘good little girls’ like Annika, Pippi is physically strong, brave, and challenges authority. Pippi serves as a model to young girls that they, too, can possess these qualities. Readers learn that there is somethin g positive about acting outside of the traditional female role. † And it could be better still! I could â€Å"flesh out† my idea to give it still more significance, and place it in context. â€Å"Pippi Longstocking is a heroine who challenges traditional gender roles. Astrid Lindgren wrote Pippi Longstocking in 1950, when women’s roles in industrialized nations were limited to the home, following World War Two. She originally told the stories to her daughter while the little girl was ill; perhaps the stories were meant to encourage the girl to be strong like Pippi. Physical strength is not traditionally encouraged in girls. Girls are generally trained to be fearful, dependent on others, and to be obedient. Books can change that: young readers learn from such heroines as Pippi, Anne of Green Gables and Leslie in Bridge to Terabitha that there are positive results from acting outside the traditional female role. Unlike ‘good little girls’ like h er friend Annika, Pippi is physically strong, brave, independent, and challenges authority. She is a model for ‘girl power’ that girls over 50 years later can follow. † This is a thesis paragraph. It goes beyond stating the topic (Pippi and gender roles) to provide context and detailsand a reason for the essay. I have to prove in the following paragraphs exactly HOW Pippi is â€Å"physically strong, brave, independent, and challenges authority. † This listing gives the reader a guideline for the essay. The body of my essay should follow it: Introduction: thesis paragraph. Body (points): 1. Pippi’s unfeminine strength 2. Pippi as brave 3. Pippi as independent 4. Pippi challenges authority. Conclusion. You are not restricted to one paragraph per major point. For instance, if I had a lot to say about Pippi challenging authority, I could devote more than one paragraph to it. I could devote several paragraphs to it, depending on my evidence and how much detail I wanted to give to it. The essay that follows the above outline could be 1 ? pages or 25. Think of your thesis paragraph as a â€Å"road map,† telling the reader where you’re going (what you’re arguing), what your stops are along the way (your points), and why. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Thesis: Gender Role" essay for you Create order

Reflective teaching - 2038 Words

In 1933 John Dewey (1933) introduced his theories and concepts on how people think. He identified a number of different modes of thought including reflection. He saw reflection as an aspect of thought, a rational and purposeful act that is more then mere thinking. Dewey contrasted routine action with reflective action, laying the roots of reflective practice in teaching (Zwozdiak-Myers, 2012, p. 5). In his notion of reflective action he described a willingness to engage in self-assessment, which required flexibility, analysis and social awareness (Pollard, 2005, p. 13). His reflection described a willingness to consider different possibilities and the ability and desire to recognize various opinions (Zwozdiak-Myers, 2012, p. 5).†¦show more content†¦Reflection-in-action is used more by teachers with existing knowledge of teaching and experience of the learning process and is used to assess the student participation, knowledge, understanding and learning during the lesson (Howells, 2014). A third process of reflection is a proactive reflection known as reflection-for-action (Collier, 1999, p. 174). Howells (2014) uses this third process of reflection, before-action, which allows her to consider her lesson before it takes place. This process of reflection allows the teacher to be in a position to consider what will be taught, how it will be taught and he or she can develop an inner attitude of gratitude that will positively influence the attitude of the learners. Reflection does not always occur on the same level and, is depending on the circumstances and experiences of the teacher. Reflection will be influenced by the teacher’s knowledge of the subject matter, her understanding of the teaching process as well as her personal circumstances and attributes. Howells (2014) identified these levels as technical, practical and critical reflection. The technical level is concern with â€Å"effective application of educational knowledge and skill†, the practical level describes â€Å"an experience so that a subjective perception or commitment to a certain theory or system† is noticed and critical reflection is â€Å"indicated by aShow MoreRelatedJohn Dewey Theory On Education707 Words   |  3 PagesJohn Dewey was born in 1859. Dewey was named â€Å"Father of Modern Education†. Dewey believed that education should prepare students for the world. Dewey knew that the world we lived in was changing fast and his theor y was based on those changes. Dewey understood that there was a relationship between education and society. He wanted children to understand that concept as well. Dewey theory was children learn through experiences. He felt what children learned at home they would bring to school andRead MoreProgressive Education Essay1318 Words   |  6 Pages John Keating, a student at Welton Academy inspired his fellow classmates, to meet in caves and read challenging poetry of the past, not with flashcards, but with these words, â€Å"Now, my class, you will learn to think for yourselves again. You will learn to savor words and language. No matter what anybody tells you, words and ideas can change the world.† Typically, students do not hear enough of this type of passion in a traditional classroom. However, a progressive classroom, be it a cave or collegeRead MoreTeaching : The Position Statement879 Words   |  4 PagesPart IV: The Position Statement (Week 2=red; Week 3=orange; Week 4=green, Week 5= blue, Week 6=purple.) Many people believe that teaching is a very challenging career and wonder why people would go into it, but then I realized there is no career that will make me happier than the teaching profession. Since my child hood, I have been fascinated by my fourth grade teacher Ms. Amo-Dako and her dedication and love for her students, and I desired from then on that I wanted to be like her. However,Read MoreFoundation of Psychology773 Words   |  4 Pagesdetailed as philosophy, because it includes humans who are very complex in nature. Psychology involves more than how people act; it includes their thought process, emotions, memories, and analysis of events. When psychology was first introduced people weren’t sure if it was a science separated from biology and philosophy. The major school of thought in psychology exemplifies the major theories within psychology. Over the years there are many schools of thoughts in psychology that has developed, thatRead MoreSimilarities Between Pragmatism And Rationalism1547 Words   |  7 PagesPragmatist believe that an idea or proposition is true if it works satisfactorily and that a meaning of a proposition is to be found in practical consequences of accepting it and that unpractical ideas are to be rejected. Rationalism is defined as the theory in which the criterion for truth is not sensory but intellectual and deductive. As I go through comparing and contrasting these two views I am going to talk about their views on foundationalism along with their views of epistemology. Pragmatist believeRead MoreReflective Reflection Of Reflective Practice1896 Words   |  8 PagesThe general trend for scholars was to either explain or expound on theories of the previous scholars but Professor of nursing Gary Rolfe (2001) designed a reflective model to simplify the learning cycle. This version of the reflective cycle was comprised of three questions that ask the reflective practitioner: What, So what, and Now what? (Rolfe 2001)The idea is that through these questions we gain a description of the situation ultimately leading to critic of the situation as well as the f knowledgeRead MoreIs Collaborative Learning Improve The Academic Performance For Sen Students? Essay2179 Words   |  9 Pagesthe concept of collaborative learning will promote learning and progress with SEN students, and whether the social interaction of learners will encourage cognitive development in special needs students to reach higher levels of thought than they would independently. I intend to focus and examine the following questions: 1. Does collaborative learning improve the classroom experience for SEN students? 2. Does collaborative learning improve the academic performance for SEN students? 3. How doRead MoreComapring Gardners Model to the Theory of John Dewey2342 Words   |  10 Pageshistory, caught in its movement; creators perhaps in some measure of its future, but also assuredly creatures of its past.-John Dewey American philosopher, social commentator, idealist, educator, and democratic theorist, John Dewey has had a profound impact on Americas educational system. Proponent of change and advocate of hands-on learning and interactive classrooms, Dewey accomplished a great deal in his long life, (interestingly enough, he is the only major philosopher to live beyond his ninetiethRead MorePoverty And Poverty3093 Words   |  13 PagesThe process of globalization has created a borderless world through the free flow of knowledge and materials and mobility of people and making it become a global village (Andleeb, 2014). According to Rouse (n.d.), he mentioned that globalization is the process in which people, ideas, and goods spread throughout the world, spurring more interaction and integration between the worlds cultures, governments, and economics. However, the world virtually looks like the broken mirror, between rich andRead MoreEssay on My Learning Journey so Far995 Words   |  4 PagesLe arning in a Changing World has brought on a number of positive learning experiences. The knowledge I have gained and theory I have completed through assessments and in class discussions and tasks has broadened my understanding of learning. It is evident through this text that the theoretical perspectives focused on in this subject have had a place in the process of my learning journey throughout the semester. Whether this learning has been learning a new skill for an assessment, observing learning

Use Psychological Theories to Explain Aggressive Behaviour Free Essays

Use Psychological theories to explain aggressive behaviour. Describe three method’s a coach might use to eliminate aggressive tendencies of performers and to encourage an active and healthy lifestyle. (6 Marks) Aggression is the attempt to harm outside the rules of the game. We will write a custom essay sample on Use Psychological Theories to Explain Aggressive Behaviour or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are many different theories of how aggression is formed. Instinct theory was proposed by Freud and is the trait view of behavior and shows the drawbacks of this perspective, that behaviour is at all time predictable. It proposes that aggression is genetically inherited and that a violent trait lies within everyone. Freud called this innate characteristic the ‘death instinct’, which purpose is to seek aggressive destruction. Lorenze put foreward the idea that aggressive energy is constantly building and needs to be released. Bandura presented the social learning theory, which has the view that all behaviour is learnt. Aggression is not a genetically based innate characteristic but it nurtured by the external environmental factors. So aggression can therefore be learned by watching and copying from role models and becomes an acceptable way to behave if it is reinforced. Aggression is likely to occur if it is part of the social and cultural norm of a group. The Frustration aggression hypothesis was proposed by Dollard, he proposed that frustration develops when goal-directed behaviour or need to achieve is blocked. The tendency towards frustration is increased when the pursued goal reflects ego or outcome orientation. Frustration occurs from environmental situations such as defeat, good opposition and poor officiating. This is a integrationist theory because frustration generated by the environment triggers the aggressive gene. If the aggressive act is successful, frustration is released and the aggressor feels good. This is known as a cathartic release. But if the aggression fails and results in punishment, further frustration is generated. The aggression cue hypothesis theory presents a second integrationist perspective and builds upon Dollard’s work. Berkowitz believed that frustration lead to an increase in arousal. However, he disagrees that frustration alone will always trigger aggression. He proposed that frustration creates a readiness for aggression, which is triggered when a provocative environmental cue is present. Aggressive cues such as perceived unfairness for example; biased officiators will trigger aggression in sport if arousal among participants is high. However, better players have the capacity to control frustration and arousal. A coach could introduce some cognitive strategies to lower psychological arousal such as counting to ten to regain composure. They could introduce somatic methods to eliminate aggression such as relaxation techniques and breathing techniques to calm down. The aggressive person could also be given a role of responsibility or shown that dysfunctional behaviour will be punished, for example in a match aggressive behaviour will not be tolerated and the player will be substituted. But also non-aggressive behaviour should be positively reinforced. Emphasis on non-aggressive role models will help to eliminate aggressive behaviour. The control of aggression positively promoted an active and healthy lifestyle. How to cite Use Psychological Theories to Explain Aggressive Behaviour, Essay examples

Enterprise Planning and Implementation Indian Rail

Question: Describe about featues of Indian railway? Answer: Introduction https://www.indianrail.gov.in/ is the formal web page to look for all the Indian railways train. First, it has a lot of pop-ups and marketing which create the customer unpleasant. This website does not display the traveller and display practice which do not have a booking trainer. Here a customer must know the practice name or variety and also place rule without this detail he cannot look for the train. They have given the web link for looking the place rule, but if the customer does not know the appropriate punctuation of the place name he cannot get the placement rule. One more factor is for each access the traveller will have to go to get it from an individual web page. If the traveller do not know the time frame of operations of the practice, then also the traveller are not able to look for the train (irfca, 2010). Features of the site The website servicing actions occur from 211:00 PM to 12:30 AM every day. During this interval details will not be available. Also, observe that since the program is closed for servicing actions no position changes take position during this interval (Indian Railways, 2015). Internet Reservation Facility through Credit Cards: Lately, internet booking service has begun on Indian Railways. The website https://www.irctc.co.in is functional, wherein the traveller can get the train booking done through credit/debit cards. Online PNR and Seat Availability Query Timings: The online PNR and chair accessibility concerns are fetched from the automated booking programs. Network Connectivity Failures: For the PNR and chair accessibility concerns, the outcome is fetched from the automated booking programs at the five websites. If there is any system web link failing, or if the system collections are very crowded, then this mistake concept is shown (RVNL, 2015). SMS Services: Now all the inquiries provided on the website www.indianrail.gov.in are available on the cell phone through SMS support. Latest Arrival and Departure Timings: The newest appearance and leaving timings of late trains, along with redirected tracks, etc. will be made available soon on this website only. Grievances against Amenities in Trains/ Platforms /Officials: The issue application is currently under growth. We try our best to ahead the issues to the involved division. However, please observe that this is not always possible. Please observe that all the problems and recommendations for the enhancement of the website https://www.indianrail.gov.in can be put on the Reviews recommendations web page (CRIS, 2015). Trains between Important Stations: On initiating this case the traveller will be persuaded to choose the resource and location from the fall down record box. Also choose the appropriate type of travel and just click get it. This choice shows a record of all trains that ply between the described places couple along with the seasons, appearance and leaving time and days of the run. After choosing a practice and corresponding sessions of importance it is possible to find the provision, stand up and path of the practice using the available control buttons. Passenger Status: This choice shows the present position of a reserved solution. Please observe that in the situation there is any modify in the position after graph planning it will not be available through the program and can be known only at the place, which in impact indicates that the position indicated by the program after the graph planning will not be further modified (IREPS, 2015). Concessional Fare Enquiry for a Train: This option shows a complete split of the stand up for legitimate sessions of a practice and a couple of channels. Observe that legitimate sessions relies on the couple of channels and the joined concession rule. It is also possible to view the stand up for different age categories. Accessibility for this practice can also be acquired from here using the available control buttons. Station Codes: This choice allows the traveller to acquire the list of place requirements of those channels where the place name suits the feedback sub-string. This provides the choice of looking for channel titles which start with the feedback sequence or which somewhere in their name contain the feedback sequence. The traveller may see the outcome categorized in either the place name or rule. Train Schedule: On initiating this option the traveller will be persuaded to get into few figures of either the Practice name or Practice number of the train the traveller are looking for. On posting the question a list of all trains that coordinate the joined figures will be shown along with their specific source and location information (Maps of India, 2015). Conclusion Indian Railways are experiencing range problems almost exclusive to itself. While there are developments required at every level, there cant be an important enhancement in solution booking encounter without making primary changes. All these efficiency developments can decrease traveller disappointment by finishing the booking encounter quicker without many problems, but still will not do anything to the number individuals who end up not getting a booking. Insufficient resource is the bigger issue that needs to be handled by helping the efficiency of the system, improving the costs a little more than the current levels, and then making an investment a lot of potential building. Reference CRIS, 2015. CENTRE FOR RAILWAY INFORMATION SYSTEMS. [Online] Available at: https://cris.org.in/CRIS/Home/Home [Accessed 17 March 2015]. Indian Railways, 2015. INDIAN RAILWAYS PASSENGER RESERVATION ENQUIRY. [Online] Available at: https://www.indianrail.gov.in/ [Accessed 17 March 2015]. IREPS, 2015. Indian Railways E-Procurement System. [Online] Available at: https://www.ireps.gov.in/ [Accessed 17 March 2015]. irfca, 2010. General Information on travelling by IR. [Online] Available at: https://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-travel.html [Accessed 17 March 2015]. Maps of India, 2015. Indian Railways TimeTable. [Online] Available at: https://www.mapsofindia.com/railway-timetable/ [Accessed 17 March 2015]. RVNL, 2015. Rail Vikas Nigam Limited. [Online] Available at: https://www.rvnl.org/ [Accessed 17 March 2015].

Yuri Gagarin †a Modern Columbus free essay sample

April 12, 1961 will neer be forgotten. On that twenty-four hours Yuri Alexeyevich Gagarin was launched into infinite. He circled the Earth in the starship Vostok for 108 proceedingss. Gagarin was taking an tremendous hazard, because at that clip cipher knew how a human being would stand up to infinite flight. Before Yuri Gagarin was launched into outer infinite he met the people who had prepared the projectile. He thanked them for their work and said he would make everything he could to do his flight successful. Yuri was in great liquors. The cosmonauts spent the eventide at a bungalow which is now called the Yuri Gagarin Memorial Cottage. Then he had one more normal working twenty-four hours which was worked out to the minute: forenoon exercisings, breakfast, medical scrutiny, seting on the spacesuit, look intoing the suit, go forthing for the launching site and so on. Yuri Gagarin s flight opened the door into the Universe Those 108 proceedingss were a turning-point in history. We will write a custom essay sample on Yuri Gagarin — a Modern Columbus or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The dreams of coevalss, the thoughts of science-fiction authors and minds were brightly realised by our coevalss. Yuri Gagarin s name has become a fable, a symbol of gallantry in the name of scientific discipline and advancement. Yuri Gagarin visited 30 states. Everywhere he was given a antic welcome as the dearest individual. He was the same modest adult male with workers or generals, with employees or with male monarchs and premier curates. His life was simple like 1000s of others: schoolboy, vocational school pupil, combatant pilot, hubby, male parent of two kids. He was a portion of our whole life. But the words Gagarin character have become a symbol of will-power, bravery, pureness. Gagarin s infinite life began at a talk about the work of Tsiolkovsky. Then, he fell badly with a disease that has no name in medical specialty: an resistless desire to travel up into the sky, a desire to wing. The Saratov Air Club, the Orenburg Air Pilots School, service in Air Force units in the North, and the Cosmonaut Graining Centre in 1960. The morning of the infinite age was interrupting over the planet. The first group was made up of strong immature work forces, professional aviators, clever, purposeful, prepared to take hazards and work hard. Why did the pick autumn on him? Yuri Gagarin , said E. A. Karpov, one of the teachers of the first group of astronauts, possessed all the of import makings: devoted nationalism, complete religion in the success of the flight, first-class wellness, optimism, a speedy head, bravery and declaration, selfcontrol, methodicalness, diligence, simpleness, modestness, great human heat and heed to others . Yuri Gagarin was profoundly engaged in public and political activity, but he could non stand aside from developing his friends for new flights. He gave all his cognition and enthusiasm to the readying for each new flight. He taught others and studied himself. He dreamed of the clip when starships would set about interplanetary flights and he would be on board of them. For the interest of this dream Yuri Gagarin worked and lived. On March 27, 1968, Yuri Gagarin was killed in an air clang. He was 34. On that twenty-four hours we lost a adult male of singular bravery and religious beauty. It was impossible to state what a adult male s life would hold been like if he remained alive. Gagarin had endowment. He put his whole psyche, all his strength into cosmic work . His name will stay immortal in the history of world, in the history of the Earth, which he dearly called the Blue Planet. Questions: 1. Why will April 2, 1961 neer be forgotten? 2. What did Yuri Gagarin s flight open? 3. Whose thoughts were brightly realised? 4. Whe n did Gagarin s infinite life Begin? 5. Why did the pick autumn on him? 6. How did Gagarin dice? 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# 1103 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; , # 1095 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1083 ; # 1091 ; # 1089 ; # 1087 ; # 1077 ; # 1096 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1084 ; . # 1070 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1083 ; # 1074 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1085 ; # 1103 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; . # 1050 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1090 ; # 1099 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1074 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; , # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ; # 1089 ; # 1077 ; # 1081 ; # 1095 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1079 ; # 1099 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; # 1052 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1070 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1103 ; # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; . # 1057 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1076 ; # 1091 ; # 1102 ; # 1097 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1100 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1095 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1084 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1076 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; , # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1087 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1084 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1091 ; # 1090 ; # 1099 ; : # 1091 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1103 ; # 1103 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1103 ; # 1076 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; , # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; , # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1076 ; # 1080 ; # 1094 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1077 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1089 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1077 ; , # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1077 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1102 ; # 1084 ; # 1072 ; , # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1077 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; , # 1087 ; # 1091 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1091 ; # 1102 ; # 1087 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1097 ; # 1072 ; # 107 6 ; # 1082 ; # 1091 ; # 1080 ; # 1090 ; . # 1076 ; . # 1055 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1070 ; . # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1082 ; # 1088 ; # 1099 ; # 1083 ; # 1076 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1100 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1042 ; # 1089 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1091 ; # 1102 ; . # 1069 ; # 1090 ; # 1080 ; 108 # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1091 ; # 1090 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1084 ; # 1087 ; # 1091 ; # 1085 ; # 1082 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1074 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; . # 1052 ; # 1077 ; # 1095 ; # 1090 ; # 1099 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; , # 1080 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1080 ; # 1087 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 108 3 ; # 1077 ; # 1081 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1091 ; # 1095 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1092 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1099 ; # 1089 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1081 ; # 1089 ; # 1073 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1091 ; # 1097 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1074 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1096 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; . # 1048 ; # 1084 ; # 1103 ; # 1070 ; . # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1075 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; , # 1089 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1075 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1080 ; # 1079 ; # 1084 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1103 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1091 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1089 ; # 1072 ; . # 1070 ; . # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1074 ; 30 # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1093 ; . # 1042 ; # 1077 ; # 1079 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1091 ; # 1086 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1079 ; # 1099 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1091 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; , # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1089 ; # 1072 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1091 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1091 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1082 ; # 1091 ; . # 1054 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1084 ; # 1089 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1075 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; , # 1089 ; # 1083 ; # 1091 ; # 1078 ; # 1072 ; # 1097 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1103 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1100 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; . # 1045 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1078 ; # 1080 ; # 1079 ; # 1085 ; # 1100 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; , # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1093 ; # 1086 ; # 1078 ; # 1077 ; # 1081 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1099 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1076 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1075 ; # 1080 ; # 1093 ; : # 1096 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; , # 1091 ; # 1095 ; # 1072 ; # 1097 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1092 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1093 ; # 1091 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1097 ; # 1072 ; , # 1087 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; , # 1084 ; # 1091 ; # 1078 ; , # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1094 ; # 1076 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1080 ; # 1093 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1081 ; . # 1054 ; # 1085 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1083 ; # 1095 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1102 ; # 1074 ; # 1089 ; # 1077 ; # 1081 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1096 ; # 1077 ; # 1081 ; # 1078 ; # 1080 ; # 1079 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; . # 1053 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1093 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1089 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1099 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 10 83 ; # 1080 ; , # 1073 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1096 ; # 1080 ; # 1103 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1099 ; . # 1050 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1103 ; # 1073 ; # 1080 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1092 ; # 1080 ; # 1103 ; # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1095 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1082 ; # 1094 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1076 ; # 1072 ; # 1093 ; # 1062 ; # 1080 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; . # 1055 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1101 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1079 ; # 1085 ; # 1100 ; # 1102 ; , # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1103 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1 080 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1079 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1103 ; # 1074 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1076 ; # 1080 ; # 1094 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; : # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1077 ; # 1078 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1077 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1085 ; # 1103 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; # 1074 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; , # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; . # 1057 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1080 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1083 ; # 1091 ; # 1073 ; , # 1054 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1073 ; # 1091 ; # 1088 ; # 1075 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1103 ; # 1096 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1080 ; # 1072 ; # 1087 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; , # 1089 ; # 1083 ; # 1091 ; # 1078 ; # 1073 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1088 ; # 1103 ; # 1076 ; # 1072 ; # 1093 ; # 1057 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1040 ; # 1088 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1057 ; # 1077 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; , # 1062 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1074 ; 1960 # 1075 ; . # 1053 ; # 1072 ; # 1076 ; # 1087 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1100 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1103 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1101 ; # 1088 ; # 1099 ; . # 1055 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1103 ; # 1075 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1087 ; # 1087 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1103 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1080 ; # 1079 ; # 1089 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1093 ; # 1084 ; # 1091 ; # 1078 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; , # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1092 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1089 ; # 1080 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 8212 ; # 1091 ; # 1084 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1093 ; , # 1094 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1091 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1093 ; , # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1099 ; # 1093 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1080 ; # 1091 ; # 1089 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; . # 1055 ; # 1086 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1091 ; # 1074 ; # 1099 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1087 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; ? # 1070 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1043 ; # 10 72 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; , # 8212 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1045 ; . # 1040 ; . # 1050 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; , # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1079 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1082 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1087 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1075 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1087 ; # 1087 ; # 1099 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; , # 8212 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1076 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1074 ; # 1089 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1078 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; : # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1103 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1087 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1080 ; # 1079 ; # 1084 ; , # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1103 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1091 ; # 1089 ; # 1087 ; # 1077 ; # 1093 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; , # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1077 ; # 1079 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1100 ; # 1077 ; , # 1086 ; # 1087 ; # 1090 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1079 ; # 1084 ; , # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1079 ; # 1080 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; , # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; , # 1076 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1094 ; # 1080 ; # 1087 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 10 89 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; , # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; , # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; , # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; , # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1096 ; # 1072 ; # 1103 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1103 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1087 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1080 ; # 1074 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1082 ; # 1076 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1075 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; . # 1070 ; . # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1090 ; # 1080 ; # 1074 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1097 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1090 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1103 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1102 ; , # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1103 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1074 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1 080 ; # 1093 ; # 1076 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1079 ; # 1077 ; # 1081 ; # 1082 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1099 ; # 1084 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1084 ; . # 1054 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1076 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1074 ; # 1089 ; # 1077 ; # 1079 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1103 ; # 1080 ; # 1101 ; # 1085 ; # 1090 ; # 1091 ; # 1079 ; # 1080 ; # 1072 ; # 1079 ; # 1084 ; , # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1103 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1078 ; # 1076 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; . # 1054 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1091 ; # 1095 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1076 ; # 1088 ; # 1091 ; # 1075 ; # 1080 ; # 1093 ; # 1080 ; # 1091 ; # 1095 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; # 10 89 ; # 1072 ; # 1084 ; . # 1054 ; # 1085 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1095 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1074 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; , # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1076 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1077 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1073 ; # 1091 ; # 1076 ; # 1091 ; # 1090 ; # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1096 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1078 ; # 1087 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1077 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1099 ; , # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1095 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1080 ; # 1093 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1090 ; # 1091 ; . # 1056 ; # 1072 ; # 1 076 ; # 1080 ; # 1101 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1095 ; # 1090 ; # 1099 ; # 1070 ; . # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1078 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; . 27 # 1084 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; 1968 # 1075 ; . # 1070 ; . # 1043 ; # 1072 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1080 ; # 1073 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1080 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1092 ; # 1077 ; , # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1091 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; 34 # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1072 ; . # 1042 ; # 1101 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1100 ; # 1084 ; 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Intraction Design essays

Intraction Design essays "Interaction design is more of an art than a science." Discuss this statement in the context of software interfaces and human-computer interaction. As computers become pervasive in our environment, so the problems of user interface design and computer-human interaction become ubiquitous. In the future, human society will be more computerized and people will be supported by computers in their day to day lives. In such a environment those who cannot use computers cannot participate in human society. Thereby, anyone must be enabled to access computers and this is possible by using software interfaces that make human computer interaction possible. The word design is often associated with the visual, affective qualities of objects. Artistic certainly play a central role in fields such as fashion, product, interior and graphic design and increasingly in software design as well. Interaction design is a discipline concerned with the design, evaluation and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them.(web site). Human-computer interaction is concerned with the joint performance of tasks by humans and machines; the structure of communication between human and machine; human capabilities to use machines. Human Computer interaction is a research area of increasingly central significance to computer science, other scientific and engineering disciplines, and an ever-expanding array of application domains. This more prominent role follows from the widely perceived need to expand the focus of computer science research beyond traditional hardware and software issues to attempt to better understand how technology can more effectively support people in accomplishing their goals. For example the Increasingly, researchers and designers are conducting experiments on the profound effects that design improvements can have on users: reduced learning times...

Ways of a DJ Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ways of a DJ - Essay Example The first consideration in becoming a DJ then is acquiring the necessary equipment. While there is nearly an endless amount of technology or equipment that DJ’s have incorporated, all DJ’s must have some basic technology. In terms of basic technology, it is necessary that DJ’s first purchase two turntables ("discjockey101"). Turntables are the actual systems that play the records. While turntables are recognized as an antiquated technology, they are necessary for DJ’s as this allows them to ‘spin’ or manipulate the record to achieve a particular effect of speed. One remembers that speed is highly important in the club environment, as with record speed the DJ control the mood and overall ambiance of the experience. The necessity of having two turntables is to ensure that there is always music being played. In this way the DJ prepares one song to coincide directly with the end of the next song. In addition to two turntables, it is necessary for a DJ to have headphones, RCA stereo cables, and a DJ mixer. The DJ mixer is a complex piece of equipment that is nonetheless essential for the DJ’s job. This piece of equipment has a crossfader. The crossfader allows the DJ to switch the music from the first turntable to the second turntable. Specifically, this instrument fades the music between the two turntables to ensure that the transition is seamless. ... One of the most overarching considerations when choosing which records to match is the drumbeat. The drumbeat is highly important, as it is this element that most dominantly influences dancing within the club ("mahola"). Another prominent consideration relates to the song’s introduction and conclusion. These elements are referred to as the ‘intro’ and ‘outro’. These elements are highly important as they allow the DJ to find unique or seamless elements in combing songs. While the ‘outro’ generally refers to the song’s ending, it is also possible for a song to have a break point. The break out is a period in the song when the DJ can seamlessly transition from it to the next song. While the drumbeat is very important consideration, there are also recognitions involving BPM. BPM refers to beats per minute. The beats per minute are essential as it designates a specific speed of record that is necessary for the club’s specific atm osphere. Additionally, beats per minute designate specific genres of dance music. Generally hip-hop songs are under 115 beats per minute. Hard-house songs are over 125 BPM. Finally, drum and base, and Jungle music are nearly twice as fast as hip-hop music, as they are between 160 to over 200 beats per minute. In terms of the specific process of beat matching, DJs must listen for the ‘outro’ of the first song. They then match the ‘outro’ of the first song with the first beat of the ‘intro’ of the new song. In this way there is a seamless transition as the ending of the first song matches the beat of the next. A final consideration in terms of beat matching is the volume and pitch. DJ equipment allows the DJ to set a specific volume and pitch for each turntable. It is then necessary to have the same

Job stress among help desk technicians Coursework

Job stress among help desk technicians - Coursework Example Ask support staff what issues they run into most often, and if they are things that users could fix themselves, add them to the list (Knapp 45). Sometimes, a bad relationship with the help desk may cause users to avoid reporting minor IT problems and that means those issues can stagnate and become big issues. That is why departments should make it as easy as possible for users to send IT support requests to the help desk. Different groups will prefer different communication methods. Find out what users in your company prefer, whether it is the phone, email, instant messaging, or something else (Knapp 45). Many help desks operate on a first-come-first-serve basis however, that often allows more requests that are important usually delay in favour of minor issues in the company. Instead, IT support staff should be able to prioritize their work according to established protocols. For example, issues that prevent users from getting work done should be placed ahead of those that do not. Users often complain that IT employees mess around on their computers without explaining what they are doing. Often it is something simple like installing an update, but if users do not know, they might assume they have done something wrong when a support employee stops by to use their machine. Users can often get stressed out when they run into what they believe is a huge technical problem and it might be even worse if they think it was their fault. Support staff should assure users their problems can be fixed, and be sure to never scold a user for doing something wrong. Instead, IT staff can look for opportunities to pat users on the back when they have done something

Trial Of Conrad Black Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Trial Of Conrad Black - Assignment Example A report was given accusing Black with his partners of stealing more than four hundred million dollars from the firm (The National Post). Hollinger, which is a publishing company, is the subject of the report. The story concerns how Hollinger was systematically manipulated as well as controlled its shareholders for their own benefits violating concepts of fiduciary duty. The US Exchange Commissions and securities charged Black together with his cohorts with violation of US laws. The Attorney General’s Office of the US Federal government determined that some of the transactions made by Conrad with his partners were a criminal offence. It mainly consisted of monies received and solicited under the non- compete agreement and a few expenses to the firm. Notably, the monies are just a part of the four hundred million dollars that the shareholders were claiming from Black of which they stole. Black insisted that he was entitled to all the money he received as well as the approval fr om board of directors’ Hollinger Internationals. The Attorney General from the US claims that Black and his partners lied to the board of directors from Hollinge. Attorney General’s allegation resulted in a grand jury indictment to Black, who was only sixty two years old and had been charged with seventeen criminal including mail fraud, tax evasion and racketeering of the potentially penalty amounting to a life imprisonment plus a hundred more years. The charge behind Black involving illegal billing of a business expense included vacation on pacific island spending about forty thousand dollars of the firm’s funds with a surprising birthday for his own wife and using much more on the expense of his own wife. Reports found that one of his partners could testify of the birthday surprise party made for Black’s wife with a reason of buying the Chicago Sun Time’s building that belonged to Hollinger from the time the indictment took place in two thousand and five. One of the partner who formally partnered with Black, who was previous a president and chief operating officer of the Hollinger company, had pleaded guilty to one of the charges of mail fraud in his part of diverting higher than thirty two million dollars from the Hollinger company. The agreement plea offered him a shorter jail term by twenty nine months because he agreed to tell the truth and be a witness against one of those that were his partner among others. Impact of the Case Ascribe the non – competent to the appropriate parties: these are papers concerned with finances, which are not very freely assignable, but can be used with any given organization entity or even an entrepreneur who is within the organization’s networks. The business or individual who receive the benefits of non- competent managements have to be included in its receipts. The Conrad accounting and finance lacked operational capacity; it was not capable of entering into a competition w ith purchasers of the company’s newspaper; however, it was the Black’s financial controller who was opposed to the Hollinger International which had received more that forty two million dollars is not payable. Judicial sector took the reasoning that the vender firm ought to be optimizing the purchase prices of retention by the firm. This caused conflicts whenever organization tend to use their personal

Defining Collaborative Planning Forecasting And Replenishment Commerce Essay

Defining Collaborative Planning Forecasting And Replenishment Commerce Essay In manufacturing and retail, poor inventory control can lead to overstocking as a result of bad forecasting, this over stocking is called buffer inventory or safety stock which can lead to waste and inefficiency. In 1996 about $700 of the $2.3 trillion retail supply chain inventory was in safety stock. That is, almost 30% was tied up due to waste and inefficiency.(Lambert, Stock, 2001) Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment (CPFR), is a business process using an internet based business model, as shown in figure 1. This model takes a holistic approach to information exchange and supply chain management between trading partners, by using a standard set of business processes in order to improve supply chain efficiencies, and is seen as a replacement to the old approach of electronic data interchange (EDI) (Fliedner, 2003). The objective of CPFR is to share data on a central web server that all of the trading partners can access to enable a more reliable forecast for long term future demand in the supply chain, this eliminates the problems associated with EDI such as: supply partners manually entering identical data in their records (Joachim, 1998), and the EDI process typically being done in batch transfers which can further add to delays in information (Cooke, 1998) etc. History of CPFR CPFR began in 1995 with the company Wal-Mart and was originally called C-FAR for collaborative forecasting and replenishment. The acronym has evolved into CPFR standing for collaborative planning, forecasting and replenishment. Wal-Mart found that the pharmaceutical company Warner-Lamberts in-stock averages were not up to par with Wal-Marts vendor performance standards. Wal-Mart, along with Warner-Lambert, Surgency (formerly Benchmarking Partners), and two software companies, SAP and Manugistics, launched an effort to define a process that would link customer demand with replenishment needs through the entire supply chain. The pilot focused on stock of Listerine mouthwash kept in stores. The group first tested the collaborative concept on paper, and then demonstrated in a computer lab that the Internet could be used for the information exchange. The results of the test were: Warner-Lamberts in-stock averages rose from 87% to 98%. Lead times dropped from 21 to 11 days, and sales increased by $8.5 million over the test period-even though the pilot was limited to one Warner-Lambert manufacturing plant and three Wal-Mart distribution centres. (free-logistics.com, 2010) Case study: West Marine Today West Marine is the largest boating-supply retail chain in the United States, with a product range of more than 50,000 products selling throughout more than 400 company owned retail stores, as well as their retail catalogue, generating annual average sales of $690 million. The company was founded in 1968 by Randy Repass as a mail-order firm selling to boating enthusiasts, and opened its first retail store in Palo Alto, California in 1975, three years later, the company created a separate sales channel to commercial customers such as boat yards and boat dealers. In 1997 West Marine a 73 store operation at the time acquired one of their East Coast competitors, EB Marine a 63 store operation. The consequences of the acquisition became quickly apparent: Sales fell by almost 8 percent, and peak-season out-of-stock levels raised more than 12 percent compared to the prior year, and after six years of steady growth, net income dropped from $15 million in 1997 to just over $1 million in 1998. (Highbeam Research, 2006) The main contributing factor of this was that following the transaction, West Marine discovered that internal EB operations were in worse condition than expected. The investment group that had been running EB had let the companys infrastructure deteriorate and inventories dwindle. This further compounded the acquisition by adding to the problem that it took six months to implement the most basic of systems integration due to the poor infrastructure, leading to stock outs within the stores. West Marines first impulsive reaction was to rebrand all the EB stores convert them to West Marines products and pricing, West Marines CEO John Edmondson (who was brought in after the acquisition to execute a company turn around) said regarding the acquisition, West Marine bought EB because it was different and unique. Then, they turned all the stores into West Marine stores and locked out the customer base. Adding to this Bruce Edwards (West Marines senior VP of store operations) said, We created a lot of damage to both chains, as well as losing ground on comparable sales as a combined organization. (Standford, Graduate School of Business, 2005) How West Marine Turned the Company Around In order to turn the company around after the acquisition Edmondson identified four supply chain problem areas: the distribution centres (DCs), transportation, replenishment, and the systems supporting these operations; his solution to these problems was to implement a CPFR programme. The first thing as part of West Marines CPFR programme was implement an aggregate ordering or multi-echelon replenishment process. A multi-echelon system is defined as A series of two or more production or supply facilities where any change in policy parameters of one facility affects the other facilities, either directly or indirectly.(Gopalakrishnan, 2004). According to (Standford, Graduate School of Business, 2005) prior to the implementing of the multi echelon system West Marine were using JDAs Merchandise Management System (MMS). The MMS was interfaced with the companys point-of-sale system in the stores (also provided by JDA) to keep track of basic inventory levels and product sales at the store level. West Marine also used JDAs Warehouse Management System (WMS) as the software engine for its distribution centre (DC) operations. As well as these systems West Marine also made use of JDAs advanced forecasting tools, both Advanced Store Replenishment (ASR) and Advanced Warehouse Replenishment (AWR). The problem with these systems was that while they were good on their own, none of the systems had the ability to directly interact with each other leading to extensive duplicate work and maintenance. At the time no software provider offered a fully integrated solution, it was left to West Marine as well as Matt Henderson a systems engineer and integrator from the San-Francisco based software company Amigo Inc. to design a system that integrated linkages between the point of sale systems to the DC systems. The system they designed was the first true multi echelon system in the retail sector. (bisg.org, 2005)The way in which West Marine implemented their multi echelon replenishment solution was to integrate data from the retail stores and warehouses with relation to seasonal forecasts, promotions and stock levels, enabling suppliers to deliver more accurate, on time orders to satisfied customer demands. West Marines multi-echelon replenishment solution resolves the store-warehouse disconnect. Warehouse replenishment immediately responds to all store-level overstocks and understocks. Similarly, all promotions and store level assortment changes are planned in the store system, and warehouse replenishment immediately responds to them. The solution eliminates duplicate forecasting tasks and creates more accurate supplier-order forecasts. (Reed Business Information, 2006) The West Marine multi echelon system is shown in figure 2. C:UsersAmyElizabethDesktopSCM0654WESTERN2.gif SUPPLIER INTERGRATION The next problem that West Marine encountered was to get its suppliers to buy into the idea of CPFR. In order to address this problem West Marine introduced a pilot program with 12 handpicked companies that were major suppliers to West Marine, that all had previous issues with their supply chains in some form. To these companies West Marine laid out specific performance levels and expected goals, although no formal written agreements were created each company was expected to comply to the performance standards. For the suppliers that joined West Marines supply pilot there was no capital investment outlay in technology, they were only required to designate recourses to act as counterparts to West Marines supply chain merchandise planners. With this set in place West Marine began sharing its forecasts on a weekly basis with its vendors, as a weekly update report on vendor performance. There was also the introduction of weekly meetings with cross functional teams made up of members from all the organisations involved, in order to discuss potential improvements as well as to maintain a holistic integrated perspective on each vendor relationship. The results of the CPFR programme were; in stock rates at the stores came close to the goal of 96 percent in every store, even during peak season. Forecast accuracy climbed to approximately 85 percent. On-time shipments, on the other hand, were improving but only reached 30 percent against a stated goal of 90 percent in 2002. However, West Marine expected them to climb to at least 50 percent by the end of 2003. (Standford, Graduate School of Business, 2005). Even after the pilot programme with the evidence to back up that CPFR works, West Marine still had problems getting supplies to buy into the CPFR programme, West Marines solution to this was to offer its suppliers an incentive in the form of a guarantee. This guarantee was that based on the forecasts, West Marine promised to purchase one hundred percent of the forecasted stock. This meant that if there were any errors in the system, then West Marine would bear the brunt as a result. It was this action that was responsible for convincing and instilling vendor trust in West Marines CPFR forecasts. The knock on effects of having the suppliers buy into West Marines CPFR programme were that the company were able to use their demand forecasts to stream line their shipping and receiving activities. The forecasts enabled West Marine to maximise efficiency in its inbound and out bound shipments and to use its dock space more effectively, in turn allowing West Marine to smooth demand spikes. Conclusion In conclusion as the evidence shows in both the Wal-Mart pilot programme and the West Marine case study CPFR is a powerful logistics stock forecasting tool http://www.free-logistics.com/index2.php?option=com_docmantask=doc_viewgid=268Itemid=26 http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-145836210.html http://www.lomag-man.org/cpfr_industrie_achat_distribution/documentation_cpfr/WestMarineA_CPFRSuccStorySupChManReManNet_an.pdf http://www.stanford.edu/group/scforum/Welcome/White%20Papers/Multi-Echelon%20Inventory%20Optimization%20-%20Evant%20white%20paper.pdf Gopalakrishnan, P., 2004. Handbook of Materials Management, Prentice-Hall of India Pvt.Ltd http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:1UbbYNftcc8J:www.bisg.org/docs/West_Marine_Case_GS-34_FINAL_092704.doc+matt+henderson+amigo+inc+cpfrcd=2hl=enct=clnkgl=uksource=www.google.co.uk

African American History: Heritage, not Hate :: American America History

African American History: "Heritage, not Hate" When exploring African-American history, the most important things to focus on are that because of the times, black people were enslaved and treated poorly. They endured it all and worked hard to rise above the boundaries of slavery and prejudice. However, the most portentous aspect of African-American history is that it's heritage; it's history; and it's over. Jane Minor was born as Gensey Snow around the late 1700's or early 1800's. She was born into slavery and freed around 1825 when she changed her name. During her slavery, she faced the hardships of being a black female slave in the 1800's. Despite that, she earned a living after her emancipation by caring for the sick. With what money she had, she bought the freedoms of other women and children. She was an admirable woman. Sally Hemmings was born in 1773 as a slave of Thomas Jefferson. However, historians found that she was much more than that. Later, it was discovered that she bore one of Jefferson's children. This perhaps could have been the reason she was given special treatment and was allowed to go to Paris with Mary Jefferson. Although, it has not been proven so. Sally's accomplishments included learning French and playing the harpsichord. Her freedom came in 1826 when Jefferson died. Nat Turner was born on October 2, 1800 in Southampton County, VA to enslaved parents. He ran away from his master at 21 years old for religious reasons. Then, he traveled as a minister and spoke to slaves. On August 22, 1831, he killed his owners. He and a band of other slaves went on killing whites, and he was captured in 1831. There, he was hung and skinned. As anyone can see, the preceding people faced suffering at the hands of others. Slavery was wrong. Yet, each person persevered and won his or her own battles one way or another. It took years and a lot of work. Being a part of history, it should be respected as just so.

Pros and cons Co-education Essay

Pros: 1. The mixing of both the two sexes in co-educational environment eradicates the inherent shyness in each student. On the other hand, by studying and working in a mixed-gender school, students will be given facilities for expressing and sharing their own ideas or opinions in the presence of the opposite sex. Therefore, it provides students a great incentive to overcome their shyness and enhance their confidence. 2. It is manifest that in the future students have to live in a mixed-sex world and hence they should be well- prepared to easily integrate into the real life. A co-educational environment is reflective of today’s society since it offers students a valuable opportunity to get exposed to a broad exchange of diverse ideas, opinions, values and lifestyles; to get accustomed to working and sharing with their peer of the opposite sex. As a result, students in co-educational schools are more likely to adapt themselves into any new surroundings and get ahead. 3. In the past, education open to women was really restricted due to moral and religious grounds as well as the society’s conception of sex-role and gender-appropriate forms of work. However, with the worldwide advance of the society, there has been an overwhelming shift in women’s roles providing them with greater opportunity for involvement in life beyond the domestic sphere. Consequently, the practice of co-education has made the growth of women’s rights and the expansion of the modern education system to serve all the segments of the population. 4. So girls and boys in the class tend to compete in a healthy manner with each other. It is also seen that the girls fare better than boys in most of the cases. This is because both the sexes are enhanced by the presence of the other. In the olden times it was believed that girls were incompetent to compete with the boys but this is not true. Cons: 1. When studying together in a school, male and female students are likely to suffer from some bad distraction. For instance, some teenage students may be fascinated by their peer of the opposite sex and spend much time attracting them instead of their studying. Many school girls can be bothered by the teasing and even the flirting of the boys. If such distraction is not kept in control, then the students will be certainly lured away from their study. 2. While the world is witnessing dramatic improvements in co-education, there is a public question and concern about the connection among co-education and sexual freedom; a rise in unmarried, particularly teenage-pregnancy; and the growth of sex harassment and sexually transmitted diseases in mixed-sex schools where boys and girls students spend much time together and the safe boundary between two sexes can be broken at any time.

Current career field Essays

Current career field Essays Current career field Essay Current career field Essay rational choices satisfy the independence of irrelevant alternatives (IIA) assumption (Luce 1959). There are times that we are driven by emotions to make a decision that will have a impact that can affect our lives but have irrelevant consequences especially if we deduce that a fundamental objective is not connected in a long term decision. I feel that both career and mental health counseling skills are necessary to assist with the emotions of fear, anxiety, depression and self-doubt, as well as with career formation change, decision making, and implementation of a career change (Niles Harris-Bowlsbey, 2009).If we do not address these areas specifically as well during this process of making a choice such as mine there could be additional long term consequences. As I have stated in previous sections, I will remain at my current position. I will be able to continue to meet all of the fundamental objectives as well as extended party needs. References Tversky, Amos (1972), â€Å"Elimination by Aspects: A Theory of Choice,† Psychological Review, 79 (4), 281–99. Luce, R. Duncan (1959), Individual Choice Behavior: A Theoretical Analysis. New York: John Wiley Sons. NileSj S. G. , Harris-Bowlsbey, J. (2009). Career development interventions in the 21st century. Columbus, OH: Merrill Prentice Hall.

Dealing With Adoption In Middle Age essays

Dealing With Adoption In Middle Age essays In the past, it was assumed that a healthy, well-adjusted adopted person would have no desire to delve into his or her birth history. Those who insisted that they needed this information and access to their birth records were considered to be ungrateful at the least, and seriously disturbed at the worst. However in the early 1990's, after much research and debate, the Australian federal government, under prime minister Paul Keating, passed legislation that all previously secretly and confidentially held adoption records, from the 1940's, 1950's and 1960's should be made available to the adopted public. This effectively meant that all adoption certificates and information would be sent out to adoptees, whether they were or were not aware that they held this status. This report looks at the effect that this legislation had on those people who were unaware that they were adopted. Many of these people are know middle aged and have only recently found out that they were adopted at an early age by their caring parents. Often when people hear the word adoption, they think of an infertile, childless couple delightedly gazing into the eyes of their recently adopted newborn baby. They are thrilled to finally be parents, and are totally involved in meeting the immediate needs of the child (Oskamp and Schultz, 1998). But what about the years that follow? Do the effects of adoption stop the moment that a child comes home to the new parents? I hypothesise that the behavioural responses exhibited by adoptees when discovering this fact, will be the same no matter the age. I also believe that living your entire life with a group of people, people you always thought were your biological family, only to find out that they really are not, would be a very traumatic experience for the individual. The attempt to investigate this hypothesis will be based upon a wide variety research of past studies and expert opinions, gained from a range...

Augustine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Augustine - Essay Example Original sin is a concept in Christianity which has evolved from the concept of, fall of mankind. Augustine describes the action of Adam and Eve as a foolish act which was guarded by confidence and pride, his emphasis being more on pride. He further elaborates that the stain of this action has affected all human beings and this trait is present in all human beings from their inception and no matter what they do in their entire life, they cannot escape from this taint. According to him when Adam and Eve committed the sin, it resulted in the reproduction of mankind which makes all humans his descendants born with the trait and tendency to commit sins. He states that all humans are born bad and remain so unless they ask for forgiveness and hence they are a denounced crowd. He teaches that all humans are subjected to physical attraction and sexual desire and is this feeling is not fulfilled it results in uneasiness and restlessness. He has stated humans to be sinners who lack the liberty to do well; they are corrupted in nature and possess the tendency to disobey God’s orders until they are granted godly grace. Augustine’s views on original sin contrasted with other philosophers’ notions and hence faced a lot of opposition. (Paul, 25) Works Cited Paul, Rigby. Original Sin in Augustine’s Confessions. University of Ottawa Press. 2000.

Development professionals - The BCG Way Case Study

Development professionals - The BCG Way - Case Study Example The process of career development and mentorship processes that are followed in the organisational structure of BCG are innovative and modern.In this part of the case study analysis,the evaluation of the career development and mentorship program will be taken up with due consideration to the processes’ strengths and weaknesses. Strengths of the Career Development and Mentorship Process The promotion system at the BCG’s career development process is not based on a specific tenure but on the basis of a â€Å"time window†. It represents that the employees at BCG gets promoted only when they achieve sufficient amount of knowledge and skill in a particular area of operation. The employees pass through a continuous feedback and consulting session with their respective assigned Career Development Committee (CDC) advisors. The advisors become the mentors of the employees and the employees derive sufficient amount of help from them. As the ratings are done on the basis of various working areas of the employees, there exists an opportunity of improvement in all the operating areas. This is because the employees will continuously try to improve all the working areas for better appreciation. The employees get a chance of excelling in the areas of their choice as they are provided with the option to approach their mentors to get them know their areas of interests. This allows the employees to create interesting mode in their jobs. This is known as the staffing pattern where the scope of becoming a generalist or specialist lies for the employees. Moreover, continuous training process for the newly recruited employees is followed in the BCG that provides a basis for the employees to develop in their skills and socializing nature, create network and expand the sense of BCG as an organization. Besides the assignment of CDC advisors to the employees, mentors are also assigned. The interaction sessions with the mentors are more formal than that with the CDC advisors. Weaknesses of the Career Development and Mentorship Process The promotional process that BCG follows may at times create certain feelings of frustrations among the employees. The frustration can come up due to the pressure of performing the best with no room for failures, as failures might lead to their termination. The BCG employers somewhat try to evaluate their employees’ performance strictly, to ensure that the performance is constantly improving. This is most likely to head a chance of non-believing in the performance feedback system of the company. In the case of staffing, the employees have to be proactive in building their skills as they have to show evidence that they are good at the particular area where they are urged to move. For being proactive, the actual levels of performance might get hampered. Provision of formal training might not always produce fruitful results as the BCG itself believes that â€Å"experience is the best teacher†. At times, it might appear that the time allotted for the formal training has resulted in wastage of time, resources and energy with limited facts. Informal mentorship process might not provide appropriate results as too much of advises around the employees can make him/her confused. Moreover, the

Coperate social responsibility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Coperate social responsibility - Essay Example This paper describes almost all the CSR activities of these two companies. Beside that paper also provides a descriptive view of stakeholder models of these two companies. Finally there is a comparative analysis of CSR activities of Microsoft and Tata. This comparison is made on the basis of their operating zone and industry in which they are operating. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been defined in various ways over the time. Most experts believe that the foundation of CSR is good corporate citizenship. It is also believed that CSR is founded on acknowledgement by the organizations that they need to clearly understand and manage the massive influences of business on the society in order to benefiting both society and company as a whole (Marsden and Andriof, 1998). According to McIntosh and Andriof refers to the understanding of the corporate leaders regarding the fact that each and every activity of an organization has flow-on effect on both inside and outside of the company. Company’s activities would have effect on everything starting from customers to communities and environment. Several management writers argue that corporate social responsiveness deal with the capacity of any business organization to respond to various social pressures (Foley, Jayawardhena, October 2001). In this paper CSR would be discussed in the context of two multinational companies, one is from a developed economy and another is from a developing economy. Microsoft is chosen as the representative of developed economies and TATA is chosen as the representative of developing economies. Software giant Microsoft provides software service and creative business solution to its huge customer base. The company was founded in 1975 by Bill gates and Paul Allen. Various products of Microsoft include different versions of windows, MS-DOS, Office XP, .NET, 2007 Office system etc. (AEA Member Directory, n.d.).

Wonderful Health Benefits Essay Example for Free

Wonderful Health Benefits Essay As the world becomes aware of all the wonderful health benefits of malunggay plant, the next question for many is how to use malunggay or moringa. Fortunately, malunggay is very versatile because one can enjoy all its benefits in a variety of ways. One of the best ways to ensure that one’s body gets to absorb all the goodness of malunggay is by drinking it as a tea. Malunggay tea is a very healthy drink because it is abundant with polyphenols or flavonoids, an effective antioxidant. If you cannot find moringa or malunggay tea in the market, you can buy or harvest (if you have your own moringa tree) fresh malunggay leaves and try making your own malunggay tea. The malunggay leaves to use should be so fresh with no signs of yellowing. How to Make Malunggay Tea You will need: Fresh malunggay leaves with no signs of yellowing (2-3 compound leaves) Clean Tray Clean sheet of manila or bond paper Basket with 2-3 cm. fine mesh Tea bags Air tight containers Procedure: Put the fresh malunggay leaves in a tray. Clean the leaves by dusting and sorting out any unnecessary particles.   Then lay out the leaves in a clean sheet of manila or bond paper. Put the malunggay leaves in an indoor drying shade and left it there for 2-3 days. Be careful not to sun-dry the leaves as it will destroy the vitamins and minerals in malunggay and affect the quality of the tea. The malunggay leaves will only be air-dried to wilt and remove excess moisture and it only needs a very light amount of oxidation. After the air drying, the next process is pan-drying. In this method, heat will be applied to the dried malunggay leaves by dry cooking it in hot pans. Minimal oxidation will happen during this process. To do this, heat the leaves in a pan with a very low fire to remove excess moisture and to sanitize it. The leaves should be constantly stirred and turned over for 2-3 minutes. Be careful not to overcook it. Put the roasted leaves in a transparent plastic bag. Seal or tighten the plastic bag and then crush the leaves until it turned to tiny powder particles. Pack the tea leaves in air-tight containers and store it in a cool, dark and dry place to maintain freshness. Proper packaging is a must because the shelf life of malunggay tea depends on it packaging. It also has the tendency to lose its flavor when exposed to air. To brew malunggay tea, you can put  ½ teaspoon of malunggay tea leaves and place it in a tea bag. You can buy tea bags in some Chinese drug stores. Then submerge the tea bag in boiling water for a few seconds. After that, put the tea bag in a cup and pour just enough hot water. Let it steep for 1- 3 minutes. One can add honey or sugar if desired. Enjoy your healthy moringa tea!

Gals vs. Women :: Creative Writing Journalism Essays

Gals vs. Women This article is about gals. It's not an article about women. There are way too many books about women, and most of them are way too serious. Women itself is a serious word, not to mention womanhood and womanly. While being female is a serious activity, there is a lighter side which is rarely examined or written about. But women tend to attach too much significance to womanhood. This results in certain characteristically feminine, by which I mean over exaggerated self-important, behavioral patterns that can produce unfortunate results. These things include, but are not limited to, women being viewed as ruthless bitches who will step on anyone to get the best of a man. These things have given females a bad name. And the "Woman's Movement," which is supposed to give women more rights, seems to be densely populated with masculine looking para-military types. (These "females" require an entirely different category, but I will leave that discussion for a later time. For now I will write about those females which I believe fit into "normal parameters.") So I'm saying that there's another way to look at females: not as aggressive career hungry ego-maniacs; not as sensitive, Suzy Homemaker; but as gals. And what, exactly, do I mean by "gals"? I don't know. I haven't thought that much about it. Females whether women or gals do spend a lot of time pondering about our deepest feelings, but women think a lot about what it means to be a woman, and gals just are. But although I can't define exactly what it means to be a gal, I can describe certain gal characteristics, such as: Gals Do Not Have A Rigid And Well-Defined Code Of What It Takes To Be A Woman This is not the same as saying that gals do not consider themselves women, or do not think about being a woman, but gals do not get hung up thinking about it. Gals have never really grasped the Basic Code Of What It Takes To Be A Woman, such as matching their handbag, shoes, and belt, or only wearing white shoes between Memorial Day and Labor Day. Or is it Labor Day and Memorial Day? (A Woman, would know and have these dates marked and memorized.) Take my two dogs as examples, Blue, a neurotic dog who can only be categorized as a guy, and Katie, a gal dog.

The Mystery of Pearl in Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter Essay -- Scarle

The Mystery of Pearl in Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter Among many nuances present in the novel, The Scarlet Letter, is the mystery of Pearl. This mystery is never actually in the real person of Pearl, but in the child she appears to be. At times, the townspeople and even Pearl’s mother, herself, call Pearl the demon-child, a fiend, and a torturer. Hester feels Pearl’s purpose on earth is to torture her but at the same time to be her joy. In reality, Pearl is a normal child, except for the fact that she is somewhat sealed off from the rest of the world. In the novel, Hawthorne makes it appear that Pearl is possibly an abnormal child. Chapter six is where he first discusses the child. In the sixth paragraph of that chapter, Hawthorne writes, "Pearl was a born outcast of the infantile world. An imp of evil, emblem and product of sin, she had no right among christened infants." Early on we see this powerful statement, which is supported by the rest of the novel. In chapter seven when Hester and Pearl are visiting the governor’s mansion, Hawthorne writes, "Pearl, in utter scorn of her mother’s attempt to quiet her, gave an eldritch scream, †¦ because the quick and mobile curiosity of her disposition was excited by the appearance of those new personages." This action of Pearl’s can hardly be seen as normal. Few children scream when meeting people, although many are a bit shy and stay close to their parents. One explanation, though, for this is that Pearl is not used to being around people. She had been shut off from the rest of the world because of her mother’s sin and doesn’t know that screaming around strangers isn’t normal. Pearl’s strange actions in various situations, such as at the governor’s mansion, is not the only t... ...rthy to have been left there, to be the plaything of the angels, after the world’s first parents were driven out. The child had a native grace which does not invariably coexist with faultless beauty; its attire, however simple, always impressed the beholder as if it were the very garb that precisely became it best." Although Pearl appears to be a demon-child, she cannot actually be a demon-child and be worthy of coming forth from Eden at the same time. Pearl can either be a normal child, or an abnormal one, not both. The mystery of Pearl is never in what she actually is because the people in the story are so caught up with Hester’s sin that they attribute the normal actions of a child to a devilish spirit. Had Hester been married to Arthur and given birth to the child, Pearl would have been seen by the people as the beautiful, innocent, and curious girl she was.

Grandma’s House Essay

My favourite topographic point to be when I was turning up was my Grandma’s House. Some of my most precious memories of my childhood were created at that place. The minute I would walk in the door and see Grandma and Grandpa sitting in their duplicate brown corduroy reclining chairs. any concerns or jobs would travel from my head. All that mattered from that point on was that I was at Grandma’s. Grandma’s house was located on about 20 estates on South Military Rd. . in Winlock. WA. It was the cutest small two narrative white house on her route. On a good twenty-four hours you could see it from a twosome stat mis off because it had a bright. ruddy Sn roof. It was at Grandma’s house where our whole household would come together on Christmas twenty-four hours to hang out with household. portion in a delightful banquet. and unfastened nowadayss. It was normally entire pandemonium. while grownups where seeking to acquire dinner ready. The kids were traveling br ainsick teasing everyone until they were eventually allowed to open nowadayss. The nowadayss. to look at. were nil you would believe a adult female with as many old ages of wrapping experience would look like. It did non count how many nowadayss each one of us got. Grandma managed to acquire everything wrapped in one large bundle with normally two different sorts of wrapping paper because she would run out and utilize whatever she had on manus. Heaven forbid she should blow wrapping paper. Once the mayhem of present gap was done. we would all sit down to a fantastic Meleagris gallopavo dinner. My favourite portion of dinner was my Grandma’s paste gravy. It was made with existent bacon lubricating oil. flour. and a mixture of milk and H2O. Just thought of it makes my mouth H2O. Although Grandma was non the best cook. I still crave her cookery to this twenty-four hours. Summers at Grandma’s were every bit memorable. These were much more particular times with merely the cousins and Grandma and Grandpa. My cousins and I would pass hours up the stairs in my pa and aunt’s old sleeping rooms playing frock up and feigning like we were the parents and re-arranging our â€Å"houses. † The babe doll I ever used. while we played house. was one that had been passed down for many coevalss. His name was Mr. Peabody ; the hapless thing had his fingers chewed off and balls taken out of his caput. nil particular by any agencies. but I loved him. I still have him to this twenty-four hours. When it was nice out. we liked to play out in the barn. There was so much old material out at that place that they had collected over the old ages. It was a gold mine for kids with nil to make and a superb imaginativeness. My most graphic memory of the barn was a hot summer twenty-four hours in 1980. My two cousins and I were playing kitchen in the barn. There was an old portable two burner stove that I decided needed to be moved. As I picked it up. I started to trip on something. so I instantly let travel of the range. The minute it slammed down. 100s of bees’ flew out of there and headed heterosexual for me. Within seconds. before I could even respond. I was covered from caput to toe with bees. I screamed and ran madly out of there. towards the forepart of the house. Grandma heard my shrieks and comes running out to see what the commotion was all approximately. Equally shortly as she got to me. she started rending off my apparels and hitting me with them seeking to acquire the bees away. This twenty-four hours was besides memorable because it was the first twenty-four hours I wore my new preparation bandeau. At the clip. I did non cognize which was worse. the hurting from the 100s of bee stings I had received. or the embarrassment of standing in the front pace. stripped down to my panties and new preparation bandeau. With all the fantastic memories I had turning up all I could of all time conceive of was to someday populate at that place. That twenty-four hours came much sooner than I could hold of all time imagined. In 1992 my Grandma was diagnosed with Lou Gehrig’s disease. It was a really hard clip cognizing that there is no remedy and holding no thought how much clip will be left with the stone of your household. Grandma’s house became even more particular. In January of 1993 my Grandpa passed off. At the same clip. I found out I was pregnant with my first kid. In June of the same twelvemonth. we lost Grandma besides. Although it was a truly unsmooth twelvemonth. it made things easier cognizing that when my boy was born I was traveling to be conveying him place. to Grandma’s house.